[root@hdss7-21 ~]# kubectl get pods -n app --show-labels -l tier # 包含tier的pod
NAME     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   LABELS
pod-01   1/1     Running   0          45m   app=nginx,release=connary,tier=frontend,version=v1.12
[root@hdss7-21 ~]# kubectl get pods -n app --show-labels -l "! tier" # 不包含tier的pod
NAME     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    LABELS
pod-02   1/1     Running   2          2d1h   app=nginx,release=stable,version=v1.12
pod-03   1/1     Running   0          48m    app=nginx,release=alpha,version=v1.12
pod-04   1/1     Running   0          47m    app=nginx,release=stable,version=v1.13
[root@hdss7-21 ~]# kubectl get pods -n app --show-labels -l "release in (alpha,connary)" # 版本为alpha和connary的pod
NAME     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   LABELS
pod-01   1/1     Running   0          47m   app=nginx,release=connary,tier=frontend,version=v1.12
pod-03   1/1     Running   0          50m   app=nginx,release=alpha,version=v1.12
[root@hdss7-21 ~]# kubectl get pods -n app --show-labels -l "tier notin (backend,frontend)" # 不是前后端的pod
NAME     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    LABELS
pod-02   1/1     Running   2          2d1h   app=nginx,release=stable,version=v1.12
pod-03   1/1     Running   0          52m    app=nginx,release=alpha,version=v1.12
pod-04   1/1     Running   0          51m    app=nginx,release=stable,version=v1.13